Introduction to Biology and Laboratory Rules

Section A · Basics 20 marks

1. Name the field of biology that studies microorganisms.[2]

2. Name the field of biology that studies the structure of the human body.[2]

3. Which career applies biology directly?[2]

A. ArchitectB. LawyerC. AccountantD. Pharmacist

4. Used scalpel blades and needles should be disposed of in:[2]

A. a paper bagB. a normal binC. a sharps containerD. the sink

5. Biological waste such as used agar plates must be sterilised by:[2]

A. washing with soapB. autoclavingC. freezingD. leaving in the sun

6. A microscope has a ×10 eyepiece and a ×40 objective lens. Find the total magnification.[2]

7. When focusing on a slide, which lens should be used first?[2]

A. Low-power objectiveB. Oil-immersion objectiveC. Any objectiveD. High-power objective

8. A biosafety cabinet is used to:[2]

A. heat solutionsB. weigh samplesC. store chemicalsD. handle harmful microorganisms safely

9. Name the process of forming a testable explanation before an experiment.[2]

10. Which should be worn when handling microorganisms?[2]

A. Short sleeves onlyB. SandalsC. Gloves and a lab coatD. Jewellery

A student views onion epidermis cells under a microscope with a ×10 eyepiece.

11. With the ×10 objective, what is the total magnification?[2]

12. An image of one cell is 20 mm long at ×100. Find the actual length of the cell in µm.[3]

13. Describe how to prepare a slide of onion epidermis.[5]

14. Explain why the fine adjustment knob is used with the high-power objective.[3]

Laboratory safety.

15. State what to do if a culture of bacteria is spilled on the bench.[4]

16. Explain why food and drink are not allowed in the laboratory.[3]

17. Which is the correct way to smell a gas?[2]

A. Put the nose over the tubeB. Waft the gas towards the nose with the handC. Breathe in deeplyD. Taste it

18. State two ways to dispose of chemical waste safely.[4]

Fields of biology and careers.

19. Which field studies how organisms interact with their environment?[2]

20. Which field studies inheritance?[2]

21. Describe how knowledge of biology helps a doctor and a farmer.[4]

A student measures the heart rate of 5 classmates before exercise: 72, 68, 75, 70 and 65 beats per minute.

22. Find the mean heart rate.[3]

23. Find the range.[2]

24. Suggest two ways to make this investigation more reliable.[4]

25. In an investigation of the effect of exercise on heart rate, the manipulated variable is:[2]

A. duration of exerciseB. age of studentsC. room temperatureD. heart rate

Plan an investigation into how the duration of exercise affects pulse rate.

26. State a hypothesis.[3]

27. State the manipulated, responding and constant variables.[3]

28. Describe the procedure.[8]

29. Draw up a table to record the results.[3]

30. Describe how the results should be presented and explain why.[4]

31. Explain why laboratory rules are important when handling pathogens. Give three rules and the reason for each.[9]

32. A cell 45 µm long is drawn 90 mm long. Find the magnification.[5]